Retraction and Correction Policy
All articles submitted, if they need correction after publication, require the corresponding author's written consent. If the article involves any change in the authors list, written consent of all authors is required.
An article will be considered for retraction if there is clear evidence that the findings are unreliable, either as a result of a major error (eg, miscalculation or experimental error) or as a result of fabrication (eg, of data) or falsification (eg, image manipulation). The retraction can also be due to plagiarism or when findings have previously been published elsewhere without proper attribution to previous sources or disclosure to the editor, permission to republish, or justification (ie, cases of redundant publication) or when it contains material or data without authorization. Retraction will be considered if the copyright has been infringed or there is a serious legal issue (eg, libel, privacy). Retraction will be undertaken if the research reported is proven unethical. Retraction will be considered if there is a compromised or manipulated peer review process, failure of the author(s) to disclose a major competing interest (aka, conflict of interest) that, in the view of the editor, would have unduly affected interpretations of the work or recommendations by editors and peer reviewers.
Editorial expression of concern is to be considered if there is any ambiguity regarding the misconduct of authors, if an ongoing investigation into such allegations may take time, or if an author raises a dispute regarding the contributor list.
The retracted article is followed at its link in all electronic versions of the journal and the title and name of authors should be present in the retraction heading.
The journal is not a member of COPE, however, it follows the ethical principles of COPE.
